The world today stands on the precipice of a profound geopolitical and economic recalibration. With his latest sweeping tariff declaration—a 10% blanket levy on nearly all imported goods, alongside severe country-specific tariffs—Donald J. Trump has launched what may prove to be one of the most consequential acts of economic nationalism in modern history. Framed as a patriotic revival of American industry, it is, in fact, a seismic disruption of global trade norms with reverberations that will be especially destructive to the Global South and, by extension, the Islamic world.

This moment calls for clarity—not only of analysis but of strategy. For Muslim-majority countries already navigating fragile developmental paths, Trump’s tariff agenda may well become a catalyst for systemic realignment. It demands not despair, but a redoubling of efforts toward economic self-determination, intra-OIC trade expansion, and a bold embrace of Islamic economic principles.

A Revival of Mercantilism in a Globalized Age

At the heart of Trump’s new economic policy lies a nostalgia-fueled resurrection of mercantilist thought. In seeking to reverse the effects of decades-long globalization, his administration is deploying 20th-century tools against a 21st-century reality. The United States, no longer the singular industrial hegemon it was after World War II, now competes in a multipolar economic world. Yet Trump’s tariff regime assumes that insulating domestic markets from international competition will singlehandedly reindustrialize the American economy.

History, however, warns against such assumptions. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930—often cited by economists as a contributing factor to the Great Depression—demonstrated how aggressive protectionism can lead to retaliatory spirals, global contraction, and social unrest. What we are witnessing today bears alarming similarities, albeit on a digitally interconnected and supply-chain-dependent global stage.

An Asymmetric Earthquake: The Vulnerability of Emerging Islamic Economies

The Islamic world—comprising over 50 nations, many of which are dependent on exports to Western markets—is uniquely exposed to this unfolding economic earthquake. While countries like China and the European Union may possess the leverage and infrastructure to respond with countermeasures, Muslim-majority economies—especially in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia—face a more existential challenge.

Consider the case of Pakistan, Indonesia, Bangladesh, and Egypt. These nations are not only reliant on textile and agricultural exports to the United States but are also structurally embedded within global value chains that feed Western consumer markets. A sudden imposition of high tariffs on these exports—some reportedly as high as 50%—is not just punitive; it is potentially ruinous.

More alarmingly, these policies threaten to undermine decades of incremental gains achieved through preferential trade agreements, foreign direct investment, and participation in multilateral trading systems. For many of these nations, Trump’s tariffs are not just economic measures—they are external shocks with deeply internal consequences: rising unemployment, inflationary pressures, balance-of-payments crises, and heightened political instability.

An Opportunity to Reclaim Strategic Economic Sovereignty

Yet within this crisis lies a generational opportunity. Trump’s unilateralism and the broader Western trend toward economic insularity may, paradoxically, offer the Islamic world a historic opening to reimagine its position in the global economy—not as passive peripheries, but as an interconnected bloc of strategic importance.

There is a growing case for the acceleration of intra-OIC trade, currently hovering around a modest 20% of total trade among member states. Through strengthened regional economic cooperation, harmonized halal certification, integrated digital payment systems, and Islamic finance-backed industrial projects, Muslim-majority nations can foster alternative markets less susceptible to Western volatility.

Institutions such as the Islamic Development Bank, OIC Trade Negotiating Committee, and D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation must now take center stage in coordinating a South-South trade renaissance. Additionally, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, with their sovereign wealth and capital surpluses, have a critical role to play in underwriting industrialization efforts across lower-income OIC partners, creating mutually reinforcing economic corridors.

Furthermore, this is an opportune moment to reinvigorate the Islamic economic paradigm itself. Rooted in risk-sharing, ethical finance, and real-sector investment, Islamic economics offers a framework better attuned to sustainable development than the speculative excesses of neoliberal globalization. The decoupling of global trade may, therefore, provide the Islamic world with the impetus to invest in economic models that reflect its values and aspirations.

The Imperative of Strategic Unity

A fragmented response to this crisis will only deepen vulnerabilities. But a coordinated, principle-driven, and future-focused strategy could transform this tariff tsunami into a platform for economic reawakening across the Islamic world. The choice before us is stark: either remain at the mercy of shifting Western political winds or rise collectively to forge new alliances, institutions, and economic instruments.

Let us be clear: Trump’s tariffs are not simply a U.S. domestic policy—they are a challenge to the very fabric of globalization and an implicit message that the rules-based international economic order may no longer serve emerging economies. If so, then the Islamic world must not only ask what it stands to lose—but what it can gain by standing together.

Conclusion: Beyond Reaction, Toward Reinvention

In Surah Ar-Ra’d (13:11), the Qur’an reminds us: “Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves.” This is not merely spiritual counsel—it is strategic guidance.

The Islamic world now faces a defining test. Will it continue to look outward for validation and markets, or will it summon the internal resolve to build resilient, just, and independent economies? Trump’s tariff tsunami may well be a global economic earthquake—but it could also be the spark of a long-overdue economic renaissance for the Ummah.

From the heart of Washington, D.C., the world is once again being dragged into an economic tailspin orchestrated by one man’s populist instincts and obsession with “winning.” Donald Trump’s latest tariff moves are not merely policy missteps—they are manifestations of a worldview that sees international economic cooperation not as a shared platform for mutual benefit, but as a zero-sum game of dominance and coercion.

For Islamic economists and policymakers concerned with equity, stability, and the moral dimensions of trade, the Trump Tariff Show is more than just theatrics—it’s a warning signal of how deeply distorted the global economic order has become.

Tariffs as Weapons, Not Tools

Unlike the Islamic economic tradition which views trade as a mutual covenant governed by justice (adl) and cooperation (ta’awun), Trump’s tariffs are being wielded as economic weapons. The idea of “reciprocal tariffs”—the notion that trade must always be balanced in numerical terms—is rooted in transactional nationalism, not in economic sense. In fact, scholars from Brookings to Peterson Institute for International Economics have repeatedly warned that such a view misinterprets the nature of global value chains and ignores the very logic of comparative advantage.

Islamic teachings on trade, as found in both the Qur’an and Hadith, emphasize ethical conduct, fairness, and avoiding harm (darar). The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) himself was a merchant whose success came not from closing markets to others, but from being known as “Al-Amin” – the trustworthy. Trump’s approach undermines trust and creates fear, a far cry from the Prophetic model.

A Strategy Without Strategy

Trump’s tariff saga lacks coherence. As reported, there is no clear doctrine—only the impulsive judgments of a leader playing to his domestic base. One day tariffs are imposed, the next day they’re paused. Global markets reel and recover like an abused partner in an unpredictable relationship. As The Economist notes, America has moved from predictable superpower to mercurial bully, unsettling even its closest allies.

Compare this with the Islamic economic emphasis on istiqrar (stability) and maslahah (public interest). Policies must be predictable, transparent, and rooted in long-term welfare—not short-term political spectacle. The Qur’an explicitly condemns deceit and sudden, destabilizing action in commercial dealings. In the Islamic vision of a just economic order, the state should be a shepherd (ra’i), not a predator.

The Myth of Reshoring and Manufacturing Mirages

Trump’s fantasy of “bringing jobs back” through punitive tariffs ignores basic economic realities. U.S. manufacturers are not leaving because tariffs are too low—they’re moving operations because of automation, wage differentials, and global efficiency gains. Punishing trading partners won’t change this. On the contrary, it risks triggering retaliation, increasing consumer costs, and destabilizing emerging economies—including those in the Muslim world.

China has already responded with its own tariffs, and others may follow. The world is being forced into trade blocs and protectionist corners. Islamic economies, particularly those dependent on export markets—like Malaysia, Indonesia, and even parts of the Middle East—stand to lose significantly. The result? Greater inequality, disrupted supply chains, and rising food and energy insecurity.

The Islamic Economic Alternative: Justice and Interdependence

The Islamic economic system envisions a world of interdependence based on moral values. Trade is a bridge, not a battleground. Protectionism must be measured, not malicious. Policies must promote the maqasid al-shari’ah—preservation of wealth, life, and dignity—not endanger them.

Instead of Trump’s chaos, we need international trade governed by mudarabah (risk-sharing), sukuk for infrastructure development, and transparent mechanisms that elevate developing economies rather than suffocate them.

Muslim-majority countries, especially those in the OIC, must use this moment to reevaluate their dependency on unpredictable partners and instead pursue regional trade, South-South cooperation, and Islamic economic integration. The Islamic Development Bank and institutions like D-8 must step up with frameworks that promote intra-OIC trade based on principles of equity, not economic blackmail.

Conclusion: Chaos as a Symptom of Deeper Decay

Trump’s tariff theatrics are not an isolated event—they are symptomatic of a deeper corrosion of global economic ethics. For Islamic economists, the lesson is clear: the time has come to build parallel economic institutions rooted in moral clarity, strategic foresight, and inclusive prosperity.

The Qur’an reminds us: “Woe to those who give less [than due], who when they take a measure from people take in full. But if they give by measure or by weight to them, they cause loss.” (Surah al-Mutaffifin 83:1-3). That, precisely, is the spirit of Trump’s tariff regime—mutaffifin economics. It is neither sustainable nor just.

Let us not merely watch this TV show from the sidelines. Let us offer a better script.

Ramadan, the holiest month in the Islamic calendar, is a time of immense spiritual renewal, self-discipline, and devotion. However, its final ten days hold a special status, carrying unmatched rewards and blessings. This sacred period serves as an opportunity for believers to intensify their worship, seek forgiveness, and strive for closeness to Allah. Among these ten nights, one stands above all—the Night of Power, Laylatul Qadr.

The Significance of the Last Ten Days

The last ten days of Ramadan are marked by increased acts of worship, including prolonged prayers (Tahajjud), supplications, and recitation of the Qur’an. Many Muslims engage in i’tikaf, a spiritual retreat in the mosque, dedicating themselves exclusively to prayer and reflection. These final nights are seen as a chance for redemption, a time to seek Allah’s mercy and to atone for past sins.

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) exemplified the essence of these days, increasing his devotion through deeper prayer, supplication, and acts of kindness. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that when the last ten nights of Ramadan arrived, the Prophet would tighten his belt (a metaphor for striving harder), stay up throughout the night in worship, and awaken his family to partake in these blessed moments.

Laylatul Qadr: The Night That Transcends Time and Wealth

Laylatul Qadr, the Night of Power, is described in the Qur’an as “better than a thousand months” (Surah Al-Qadr, 97:3). It is the night on which the first verses of the Qur’an were revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). The rewards for worship on this night are multiplied exponentially, making it an unparalleled opportunity for spiritual and economic elevation.

Although the exact date remains unknown, it is widely believed to fall on one of the odd-numbered nights in the last ten days, particularly the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, or 29th night of Ramadan. This divine ambiguity encourages believers to seek it diligently throughout the final days, ensuring continued devotion rather than a singular effort.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) advised Muslims to seek Laylatul Qadr and recite the following supplication:

“Allahumma innaka ‘afuwwun, tuhibbul ‘afwa, fa’fu ‘anni.”

(O Allah, You are Most Forgiving, and You love to forgive, so forgive me.)

Economic Lessons from the Last Ten Days

Beyond spiritual benefits, Ramadan and its last ten days offer profound economic wisdom. The principles of sacrifice, self-restraint, and wealth distribution during this period mirror the fundamental tenets of Islamic economic thought:

1. Redistributive Justice through Charity – The emphasis on zakat (obligatory almsgiving) and sadaqah (voluntary charity) fosters equitable wealth distribution, reducing economic disparity and promoting social welfare.
2. Ethical Consumption and Resource Management – Fasting teaches moderation and responsible consumption, encouraging a more sustainable economic model that curtails waste and excessive materialism.
3. Investment in Human and Social Capital – Acts of charity and community engagement enhance social cohesion and economic stability, reinforcing a cooperative economic framework where wealth is not hoarded but circulated for the benefit of all.
4. The Economics of Barakah (Divine Blessing) – Economic success in Islam is not measured solely by material gain but by the barakah in one’s wealth and endeavors. The heightened devotion of these ten days is an investment in both spiritual and economic prosperity.

Maximizing the Last Ten Days

To make the most of these precious nights, Muslims are encouraged to:

1. Engage in Continuous Prayer – Prolonged night prayers (Tahajjud) and deep supplications open the doors of mercy and forgiveness.
2. Recite and Reflect on the Qur’an – The Qur’an was revealed during this blessed month, making its recitation and contemplation even more meaningful.
3. Seek Forgiveness and Make Dua – The final days are a golden opportunity to ask Allah for guidance, mercy, and forgiveness for past and future.
4. Perform Acts of Charity – Giving to the less fortunate amplifies blessings and strengthens one’s connection with Allah while contributing to economic justice.
5. Maintain Sincerity – Actions should be carried out with pure intentions, seeking only Allah’s pleasure.

Conclusion

The last ten days of Ramadan serve as a spiritual climax, a time when the doors of mercy and forgiveness are flung wide open. It is a period of reflection, renewal, and deep supplication, culminating in the search for Laylatul Qadr. Additionally, the economic wisdom embedded in this sacred time teaches valuable lessons about ethical wealth management, social responsibility, and the long-term sustainability of resources.

As Muslims around the world immerse themselves in worship, may they find peace, enlightenment, and the boundless rewards of this sacred month. May this period inspire not only spiritual elevation but also a renewed commitment to economic justice and ethical financial conduct.

May Allah grant us all the ability to maximize these final days and nights and allow us to witness the blessings of Laylatul Qadr. Ameen.